What does frameset do in HTML?

A frameset lets you create a set of HTML frames. Within each frame, you can load an additional HTML file to display your content. Frames are often used to split a webpage into multiple columns or display areas.

Is frameset still used?

Frameset is deprecated and should not be used, mainly due to web accessibility issues they present.

What is the difference between frame and frameset in HTML?

In HTML, a collection of frames is called a frameset. You can create a frameset by using the <frameset> tag and then defining your <frame> elements within it.

What can I use instead of frameset in HTML5?

You can turn to the <iframe>, which performs a similar function.

Is frameset a container tag?

Yes, the frameset tag is considered a container tag since the individual frame tags are contained within <frameset>

HTML Frameset Tag: Fully Explained with Examples

Key Points

The HTML frameset tag is deprecated but can still be found on old websites.
Framesets were used to divide the browser window into separate sections, but they have been replaced by
elements styled with CSS.
Frames in HTML are criticized for being a web accessibility nightmare and causing navigation issues.
The tag is a modern alternative to frames and is commonly used to embed functions from other websites.</li><li>Using the HTML frameset tag in web development is not recommended due to accessibility issues and better alternatives available.</li></ul><p>The HTML frameset tag is deprecated. But that doesn’t mean it is completely extinct. You might find it on old websites to this day. </p><p>So, is it worth bothering with? Or should you forget this tag ever existed and move on to its modern counterparts?</p><p>Let’s talk about this deprecated <a href="https://history-computer.com/what-is-html-everything-to-know/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-lasso-id="1998182">HTML</a> tag and give it an honorable mention. We’ll look at a few examples of the code in action, which browsers still support it, and we’ll even offer up a few modern alternatives.</p><h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-what-is-the-html-frameset-tag">What Is the HTML Frameset Tag?</h2><p>The HTML frameset tag used to be a crucial part of laying out a website. They have been obsolete since HTML 5 came out in 2008. Before the advent of more powerful <a data-lasso-id="1998183" href="https://history-computer.com/css-vs-html-whats-the-difference-and-which-is-better/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">CSS</a>, you had to construct a page using frames and framesets.</p><p>While today, we use <div> or <iframe> tags, and simply style them to get the layout we need. Framesets were used to divide the browser window into separate sections, with each section capable of loading a different HTML document.</p><p>They consisted of the <frameset> and <frame> tags. The frameset tag itself would have a few attributes that you could play with to determine the behavior.</p><figure class="wp-block-table is-style-stripes"><table class="has-fixed-layout"><thead><tr><th>Attribute</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>cols</td><td>Specifies the number and sizes of columns. Sizes can be defined using pixel values, percentage values, wildcard symbols, or relative widths.</td></tr><tr><td>rows</td><td>Similar to <code>cols</code>, but defines the number and sizes of rows.</td></tr><tr><td>border</td><td>Defines the border width in pixels.</td></tr><tr><td>frameborder</td><td>Specifies whether a 3D border should be displayed between frames. Accepts values 1 (yes) or 0 (no).</td></tr><tr><td>framespacing</td><td>Defines the space between frames in pixels.</td></tr></tbody></table></figure><p>The individual frames within the frameset would have their own set of attributes:</p><figure class="wp-block-table is-style-stripes"><table class="has-fixed-layout"><thead><tr><th>Attribute</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>src</td><td>Specifies the file to be loaded in the frame.</td></tr><tr><td>name</td><td>Assigns a name to a frame, useful for targeting in hyperlinks.</td></tr><tr><td>frameborder</td><td>Controls the visibility of the borders of the frame, overriding the <code><frameset></code> attribute if specified.</td></tr><tr><td>marginwidth and marginheight</td><td>Specify the space (in pixels) between the frame’s borders and its content.</td></tr><tr><td>noresize</td><td>Prevents the frame from being resized.</td></tr><tr><td>scrolling</td><td>Controls the visibility of the scrollbars with values being “yes”, “no”, or “auto”.</td></tr><tr><td>longdesc</td><td>Provides a link to a page containing a description of the frame’s content.</td></tr></tbody></table></figure><p>So, now you know what it is and some of its attributes. Let’s look at how to use the HTML frameset tag with an example.</p><h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-html-frameset-example">HTML Frameset Example</h2><p>Here’s an example of how you can create a simple layout using HTML frames.</p><div class="hcb_wrap"><pre class="prism line-numbers lang-html" data-lang="HTML"><code><!DOCTYPE html> <html> <frameset cols="50%,50%"> <frame src="frame1.html"> <frame src="frame2.html"> </frameset> </html> </code></pre></div><p>This example creates two vertical frames, each taking up 50% of the window’s width. frame1.html is displayed in the left frame, and frame2.html is displayed in the right frame.</p><figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img decoding="async" loading="lazy" width="1200" height="870" src="https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Screen-Shot-2023-06-29-at-4.03.10-PM-1200x870.jpg" alt="HTML frameset tag shown creating two columns of 50% width." class="wp-image-371962" data-credit="History-Computer.com" data-item-id="1" data-source="History-Computer.com" data-contributor="Tyler Von Harz" srcset="https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Screen-Shot-2023-06-29-at-4.03.10-PM-1200x870.jpg 1200w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Screen-Shot-2023-06-29-at-4.03.10-PM-300x218.jpg 300w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Screen-Shot-2023-06-29-at-4.03.10-PM-768x557.jpg 768w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Screen-Shot-2023-06-29-at-4.03.10-PM-1536x1114.jpg 1536w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Screen-Shot-2023-06-29-at-4.03.10-PM-2048x1485.jpg 2048w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Screen-Shot-2023-06-29-at-4.03.10-PM-150x109.jpg 150w" sizes="(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption"><em>At the top, we have the frameset code creating two 50% columns, with the left one in blue. The bottom shows the resulting webpage. Note how additional CSS styling is done in each HTML file.</em><p>©History-Computer.com</p></figcaption></figure><h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-modern-preference-over-the-html-frameset-tag">Modern Preference over the HTML Frameset Tag</h2><p>In HTML5, we can use <div> elements styled with CSS to achieve similar layouts. The reason we do this on the modern internet is the separation of the presentation layer from the content layer.</p><p><strong>Content is handled by HTML. Presentation is handled by CSS.</strong></p><p>With frames, the presentation was being messed with right there in the HTML, which caused all sorts of issues. We’ll dig into those issues in a second, but for now, here is how you would get the same effect with modern code:</p><div class="hcb_wrap"><pre class="prism line-numbers lang-html" data-lang="HTML"><code><!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <style> .column { float: left; width: 50%; height: 100vh; overflow: auto; box-sizing: border-box; } </style> </head> <body> <div class="column" id="frame1">  </div> <div class="column" id="frame2">  </div> </body> </html> </code></pre></div><p>In this version, the <div> elements with the class column will each take up 50% of the window’s width, similar to the frames in the frameset version. </p><p>Note that we’re using the float: left; rule to position the columns side by side, and the box-sizing: border-box; rule to make sure any padding or border added to the columns does not increase their width beyond 50%.</p><p>The actual contents of frame1.html and frame2.html would need to be included in these <div> elements directly unless you’re loading the content dynamically with JavaScript.</p><p>At first glance, the modern equivalent of the frameset tag appears to require more code to work. So, how is this better? Why were frames so bad that they had to be replaced?</p><p>This is where the dark truth about frames comes into play.</p><h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-why-is-the-html-frameset-tag-not-used-today">Why is the HTML Frameset Tag Not Used Today?</h2><p>The concept of frames in HTML had been criticized all the way back in 1996 when esteemed web usability expert Jakob Nielsen <a href="https://www.nngroup.com/articles/why-frames-suck-most-of-the-time/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-lasso-id="2001098">wrote a column</a> on the matter. Simply put, they are a web accessibility nightmare.</p><p>The first issue is that a webpage visitor arriving on a frame from a search engine won’t have access to navigational elements present in another frame on the page. Since separate HTML files are loaded into independent frames, they often will fail to work properly when they aren’t connected, hence the navigation issues.</p><p>Another issue is screen readers, and assistive technologies have a difficult time with frames. Since the advent of accessibility requirements, frames have completely fallen out of favor due to their incompatibility with screen readers. There really is no place for them in the modern web. </p><p>Frames often will not be able to print properly, either. The challenge of lining up all of the content within frames causes undesirable results when printed. As a result, most of the time, you will only be able to print one frame at a time.</p><p>To top it off, an HTML page that uses frames will have problems showing up on small devices. These days, that could be a death sentence for a website, since so much <a data-lasso-id="1998185" href="https://history-computer.com/8-different-types-of-internet-connections-with-examples-for-each/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">internet</a> traffic is mobile. When your website visitors can’t see your content simply because they’re using a <a href="https://history-computer.com/10-reasons-to-buy-a-smartphone-today-and-which-are-best/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-lasso-id="1998225">smartphone</a>, you know you have a problem.</p><p>With all of the dysfunction, it’s no surprise to find out the W3 Organization has added them to their <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/html5-diff/#obsolete-elements" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-lasso-id="1998226">list of obsolete elements</a>, citing the reason “using them damages usability and accessibility.”</p><h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-the-modern-replacement-to-the-html-frameset-tag">The Modern Replacement to the HTML Frameset Tag</h2><p>So, is there any modern utility with the unique power of the frameset, but with none of the awful drawbacks? Frames have gone by the wayside.</p><p>We already mentioned you can use CSS for styling. But we still need a way to display content from different files or servers on one page. There is one element that can be used for that.</p><p>The <iframe> remains healthy. The iframe tag is almost as old as the frameset tag, having been released in 1997. </p><p>While the iframe tag used to be more powerful, today, it is only used for a few specific tasks. Typically, you would encounter an iframe when you want to embed a particular function from a website’s API, such as Google Maps or Facebook.</p><p>This is great when a developer wants to implement code from another web application without having to store that code on their own <a data-lasso-id="1998186" href="https://history-computer.com/hosting-vs-server/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">server</a>. Instead, they use the iframe to display an API which will then show the end result. It could be a Maps <a href="https://history-computer.com/widget-on-iphone-explained/" data-lasso-id="2646830">widget</a> or a Facebook news feed, or any number of creative uses.</p><h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-wrapping-up-html-frameset-tag">Wrapping Up: HTML Frameset Tag</h2><p>While it is still technically supported by many browsers, it comes with a slew of accessibility issues. If you’re building a new website, you would be doing more harm than good by using frames at all, especially since modern browsers will eventually drop support for them completely.</p><p>If you’re learning web development, skip the HTML frameset tag. Thanks to improvements in CSS, you can easily create much better layouts without using HTML frames.</p></p><p class="fw-light fwp-featured-credit">The image featured at the top of this post is ©Virrage Images/Shutterstock.com.</p></div><div class="entry-content faq p-3 bg-body-tertiary border rounded"><h2>Frequently Asked Questions</h2><p><strong>What does frameset do in HTML? </strong></p><p></p><p>A frameset lets you create a set of HTML frames. Within each frame, you can load an additional HTML file to display your content. Frames are often used to split a webpage into multiple columns or display areas.</p><p></p><p><strong>Is frameset still used? </strong></p><p>Frameset is deprecated and should not be used, mainly due to web accessibility issues they present.</p><p><strong>What is the difference between frame and frameset in HTML? </strong></p><p>In HTML, a collection of frames is called a frameset. You can create a frameset by using the <frameset> tag and then defining your <frame> elements within it.</p><p><strong>What can I use instead of frameset in HTML5?</strong></p><p>You can turn to the <iframe>, which performs a similar function.</p><p><strong>Is frameset a container tag?</strong></p><p>Yes, the frameset tag is considered a container tag since the individual frame tags are contained within <frameset></p> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"FAQPage","mainEntity":[{"@type":"Question","name":"What does frameset do in HTML?\u00a0","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"<p><\/p>\n<p>A frameset lets you create a set of HTML frames. Within each frame, you can load an additional HTML file to display your content. 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You can create a frameset by using the <frameset> tag and then defining your <frame> elements within it.<\/p>\n"}},{"@type":"Question","name":"What can I use instead of frameset in HTML5?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"<p>You can turn to the <iframe>, which performs a similar function.<\/p>\n"}},{"@type":"Question","name":"Is frameset a container tag?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"<p>Yes, the frameset tag is considered a container tag since the individual frame tags are contained within <frameset><\/p>\n"}}]}</script> </div><footer class="entry-footer cc-single-post mb-4 mt-1"><div class="row"><div class="tags-links col col-lg-9"><div class="tags-links"><p class="tags-heading mb-2">Tagged</p><a class="cc-tags me-2" href="https://history-computer.com/tag/programming/" rel="tag">Programming</a></div></div><div class="col col-lg-3"> <a class="social-share small trackLink" data-track-section="google-news-follow" href="https://news.google.com/publications/CAAqBwgKMJSAqgswhovCAw?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US%3Aen"><img src="https://history-computer.com/wp-content/themes/hc-bootscore-theme/img/google-news-follow.png" height="36" width="150" style="all: revert;"/></a></div></div><div class="bg-neutral border rounded p-3"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-md-2 col-sm-12 align-self-center text-center"> <img class="img-default rounded-circle border border-tertiary max-width-8 mb-4 mb-md-0" loading="lazy" height="256" width="256" src="https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/391658251f13d87f53456127a8380281?s=256&d=robohash&r=g"></div><div class="col-md-10 col-sm-12"><h4 class="author-name">Tyler Von Harz, Author for History-Computer</h4><div class="d-flex archive-links"> <a class="sm me-2" target="_blank" href="https://youtube.com/c/tylervonharz">YouTube</a> <a class="sm" target="_blank" href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/tvhcomputers/">LinkedIn</a></div><p>Tyler Von Harz is a writer at History-Computer, focusing primarily on computers, cloud computing, programming, and electronics. 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At […] </a></p><div class="tags-links"><p class="tags-heading mb-2">Tagged</p><a class="cc-tags me-2" href="https://history-computer.com/tag/programming/" rel="tag">Programming</a><a class="cc-tags me-2" href="https://history-computer.com/tag/vs/" rel="tag">VS</a></div></div></div></div></div></article><article id="post-291464" class="post-291464 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-articles tag-programming"><div class="cc-card horizontal mb-4"><div class="row g-0"><div class="col-lg-6 col-xl-5 col-xxl-4 me-md-4 me-sm-0"> <a href="https://history-computer.com/types-of-css-with-examples/"> <img width="300" height="200" src="https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/shutterstock-2102501809-medium-licensed-300x200.jpg" class="card-img-lg-start wp-post-image" alt="Cascading Style Sheets. 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The most popular options fancied by developers, startups, and online […] </a></p><div class="tags-links"><p class="tags-heading mb-2">Tagged</p><a class="cc-tags me-2" href="https://history-computer.com/tag/programming/" rel="tag">Programming</a><a class="cc-tags me-2" href="https://history-computer.com/tag/vs/" rel="tag">VS</a></div></div></div></div></div></article><article id="post-243986" class="post-243986 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-articles tag-programming tag-vs"><div class="cc-card horizontal mb-4"><div class="row g-0"><div class="col-lg-6 col-xl-5 col-xxl-4 me-md-4 me-sm-0"> <a href="https://history-computer.com/sql-vs-html-whats-the-difference-and-which-is-better/"> <img width="300" height="169" src="https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/shutterstock_1805228101-300x169.jpg" class="card-img-lg-start wp-post-image" alt="How to Install Pip on Windows" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/shutterstock_1805228101-300x169.jpg 300w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/shutterstock_1805228101-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/shutterstock_1805228101-768x432.jpg 768w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/shutterstock_1805228101-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/shutterstock_1805228101-2048x1152.jpg 2048w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/shutterstock_1805228101-150x84.jpg 150w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /> </a></div><div class="col"><div class="card-body"> <a class="text-body text-decoration-none" href="https://history-computer.com/sql-vs-html-whats-the-difference-and-which-is-better/"><h2 class="blog-post-title h5">SQL vs. HTML: What’s the Difference and Which Is Better?</h2> </a><p class="meta small mb-2 text-muted"> Updated: <time datetime="2023-08-13T13:47:42-06:00">August 13, 2023</time><span class="byline"> by <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://history-computer.com/author/tyler-harz/">Tyler Von Harz</a></span></span></p><p class="card-text"> <a class="text-body text-decoration-none" href="https://history-computer.com/sql-vs-html-whats-the-difference-and-which-is-better/"> Every website you visit today uses a wide variety of programming, markup, scripting, and query languages to deliver content you […] </a></p><div class="tags-links"><p class="tags-heading mb-2">Tagged</p><a class="cc-tags me-2" href="https://history-computer.com/tag/programming/" rel="tag">Programming</a><a class="cc-tags me-2" href="https://history-computer.com/tag/vs/" rel="tag">VS</a></div></div></div></div></div></article><article id="post-243989" class="post-243989 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-articles tag-programming tag-vs"><div class="cc-card horizontal mb-4"><div class="row g-0"><div class="col-lg-6 col-xl-5 col-xxl-4 me-md-4 me-sm-0"> <a href="https://history-computer.com/javascript-vs-css-whats-the-difference-and-which-is-better/"> <img width="300" height="200" src="https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/shutterstock_1361674454-300x200.jpg" class="card-img-lg-start wp-post-image" alt="Ruby vs. JavaScript" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/shutterstock_1361674454-300x200.jpg 300w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/shutterstock_1361674454-1200x801.jpg 1200w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/shutterstock_1361674454-768x513.jpg 768w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/shutterstock_1361674454-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/shutterstock_1361674454-2048x1367.jpg 2048w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/shutterstock_1361674454-150x100.jpg 150w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /> </a></div><div class="col"><div class="card-body"> <a class="text-body text-decoration-none" href="https://history-computer.com/javascript-vs-css-whats-the-difference-and-which-is-better/"><h2 class="blog-post-title h5">JavaScript vs. CSS: What’s the Difference and Which Is Better?</h2> </a><p class="meta small mb-2 text-muted"> Updated: <time datetime="2023-09-04T12:58:51-06:00">September 4, 2023</time><span class="byline"> by <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://history-computer.com/author/elizabeth-milne/">Elizabeth Milne</a></span></span></p><p class="card-text"> <a class="text-body text-decoration-none" href="https://history-computer.com/javascript-vs-css-whats-the-difference-and-which-is-better/"> JavaScript and CSS are two vital tools we use when developing websites. Which of the two languages is better? As […] </a></p><div class="tags-links"><p class="tags-heading mb-2">Tagged</p><a class="cc-tags me-2" href="https://history-computer.com/tag/programming/" rel="tag">Programming</a><a class="cc-tags me-2" href="https://history-computer.com/tag/vs/" rel="tag">VS</a></div></div></div></div></div></article><article id="post-270856" class="post-270856 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-articles"><div class="cc-card horizontal mb-4"><div class="row g-0"><div class="col-lg-6 col-xl-5 col-xxl-4 me-md-4 me-sm-0"> <a href="https://history-computer.com/types-of-fonts-you-can-use-in-html/"> <img width="300" height="163" src="https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/shutterstock-432153523-huge-licensed-scaled-300x163.jpg" class="card-img-lg-start wp-post-image" alt="html fonts" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/shutterstock-432153523-huge-licensed-scaled-300x163.jpg 300w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/shutterstock-432153523-huge-licensed-scaled-1200x653.jpg 1200w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/shutterstock-432153523-huge-licensed-scaled-768x418.jpg 768w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/shutterstock-432153523-huge-licensed-scaled-150x82.jpg 150w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/shutterstock-432153523-huge-licensed-scaled.jpg 1500w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /> </a></div><div class="col"><div class="card-body"> <a class="text-body text-decoration-none" href="https://history-computer.com/types-of-fonts-you-can-use-in-html/"><h2 class="blog-post-title h5">5 Types of Fonts You Can Use in HTML</h2> </a><p class="meta small mb-2 text-muted"> Updated: <time datetime="2023-10-08T11:00:33-06:00">October 8, 2023</time><span class="byline"> by <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://history-computer.com/author/tyler-harz/">Tyler Von Harz</a></span></span></p><p class="card-text"> <a class="text-body text-decoration-none" href="https://history-computer.com/types-of-fonts-you-can-use-in-html/"> Key PointsSerif fonts, such as Times New Roman and Garamond, are easier to read for longer periods of time.Sans-serif fonts, […] </a></p></div></div></div></div></article><article id="post-243995" class="post-243995 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-articles tag-cybersecurity tag-programming tag-vs"><div class="cc-card horizontal mb-4"><div class="row g-0"><div class="col-lg-6 col-xl-5 col-xxl-4 me-md-4 me-sm-0"> <a href="https://history-computer.com/java-vs-css-whats-the-difference-and-which-is-better/"> <img width="300" height="201" src="https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/shutterstock_362210810-300x201.jpg" class="card-img-lg-start wp-post-image" alt="php vs. java" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/shutterstock_362210810-300x201.jpg 300w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/shutterstock_362210810-1200x803.jpg 1200w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/shutterstock_362210810-768x514.jpg 768w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/shutterstock_362210810-1536x1028.jpg 1536w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/shutterstock_362210810-2048x1370.jpg 2048w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/shutterstock_362210810-150x100.jpg 150w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /> </a></div><div class="col"><div class="card-body"> <a class="text-body text-decoration-none" href="https://history-computer.com/java-vs-css-whats-the-difference-and-which-is-better/"><h2 class="blog-post-title h5">Java vs. CSS: What’s the Difference and Which Is Better?</h2> </a><p class="meta small mb-2 text-muted"> Updated: <time datetime="2023-09-04T12:59:00-06:00">September 4, 2023</time><span class="byline"> by <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://history-computer.com/author/elizabeth-milne/">Elizabeth Milne</a></span></span></p><p class="card-text"> <a class="text-body text-decoration-none" href="https://history-computer.com/java-vs-css-whats-the-difference-and-which-is-better/"> Java vs. CSS are two very different programming languages. While Java is a general-purpose programming language with many uses, CSS […] </a></p><div class="tags-links"><p class="tags-heading mb-2">Tagged</p><a class="cc-tags me-2" href="https://history-computer.com/tag/cybersecurity/" rel="tag">Cybersecurity</a><a class="cc-tags me-2" href="https://history-computer.com/tag/programming/" rel="tag">Programming</a><a class="cc-tags me-2" href="https://history-computer.com/tag/vs/" rel="tag">VS</a></div></div></div></div></div></article><article id="post-243979" class="post-243979 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-versus tag-programming tag-vs"><div class="cc-card horizontal mb-4"><div class="row g-0"><div class="col-lg-6 col-xl-5 col-xxl-4 me-md-4 me-sm-0"> <a href="https://history-computer.com/css-vs-html-whats-the-difference-and-which-is-better/"> <img width="300" height="180" src="https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/HTML-code-300x180.jpg" class="card-img-lg-start wp-post-image" alt="HTML code" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/HTML-code-300x180.jpg 300w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/HTML-code-1200x720.jpg 1200w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/HTML-code-768x461.jpg 768w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/HTML-code-1536x922.jpg 1536w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/HTML-code-150x90.jpg 150w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/HTML-code.jpg 2000w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /> </a></div><div class="col"><div class="card-body"> <a class="text-body text-decoration-none" href="https://history-computer.com/css-vs-html-whats-the-difference-and-which-is-better/"><h2 class="blog-post-title h5">CSS vs. HTML: What’s the Difference and Which is Better?</h2> </a><p class="meta small mb-2 text-muted"> Updated: <time datetime="2023-08-13T14:20:49-06:00">August 13, 2023</time><span class="byline"> by <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://history-computer.com/author/jane-wangui/">Jane Wangui</a></span></span></p><p class="card-text"> <a class="text-body text-decoration-none" href="https://history-computer.com/css-vs-html-whats-the-difference-and-which-is-better/"> When it comes to web page building and design, Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) and HyperText Markup Language (HTML) are essential […] </a></p><div class="tags-links"><p class="tags-heading mb-2">Tagged</p><a class="cc-tags me-2" href="https://history-computer.com/tag/programming/" rel="tag">Programming</a><a class="cc-tags me-2" href="https://history-computer.com/tag/vs/" rel="tag">VS</a></div></div></div></div></div></article><article id="post-246473" class="post-246473 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-articles category-how-to category-versus tag-programming tag-vs"><div class="cc-card horizontal mb-4"><div class="row g-0"><div class="col-lg-6 col-xl-5 col-xxl-4 me-md-4 me-sm-0"> <a href="https://history-computer.com/php-vs-css-differences/"> <img width="300" height="200" src="https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/shutterstock_1771308545-300x200.jpg" class="card-img-lg-start wp-post-image" alt="php vs javascript" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/shutterstock_1771308545-300x200.jpg 300w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/shutterstock_1771308545-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/shutterstock_1771308545-768x512.jpg 768w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/shutterstock_1771308545-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/shutterstock_1771308545-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/shutterstock_1771308545-150x100.jpg 150w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /> </a></div><div class="col"><div class="card-body"> <a class="text-body text-decoration-none" href="https://history-computer.com/php-vs-css-differences/"><h2 class="blog-post-title h5">PHP Vs CSS What’s The Difference, And Which Is Better?</h2> </a><p class="meta small mb-2 text-muted"> Updated: <time datetime="2023-08-10T13:27:38-06:00">August 10, 2023</time><span class="byline"> by <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://history-computer.com/author/renee-christian/">Renée Christian</a></span></span></p><p class="card-text"> <a class="text-body text-decoration-none" href="https://history-computer.com/php-vs-css-differences/"> If you have been building websites from scratch, you likely know PHP and CSS. Back in the day, a decent […] </a></p><div class="tags-links"><p class="tags-heading mb-2">Tagged</p><a class="cc-tags me-2" href="https://history-computer.com/tag/programming/" rel="tag">Programming</a><a class="cc-tags me-2" href="https://history-computer.com/tag/vs/" rel="tag">VS</a></div></div></div></div></div></article><article id="post-318209" class="post-318209 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-articles tag-programming"><div class="cc-card horizontal mb-4"><div class="row g-0"><div class="col-lg-6 col-xl-5 col-xxl-4 me-md-4 me-sm-0"> <a href="https://history-computer.com/understanding-html-forms-with-examples/"> <img width="300" height="193" src="https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Dude-I-been-makin-so-much-bank-as-a-software-engineer-33-300x193.jpg" class="card-img-lg-start wp-post-image" alt="HTML forms" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Dude-I-been-makin-so-much-bank-as-a-software-engineer-33-300x193.jpg 300w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Dude-I-been-makin-so-much-bank-as-a-software-engineer-33-150x96.jpg 150w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Dude-I-been-makin-so-much-bank-as-a-software-engineer-33.jpg 700w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /> </a></div><div class="col"><div class="card-body"> <a class="text-body text-decoration-none" href="https://history-computer.com/understanding-html-forms-with-examples/"><h2 class="blog-post-title h5">Understanding HTML Forms, with Examples</h2> </a><p class="meta small mb-2 text-muted"> Updated: <time datetime="2023-09-27T15:00:43-06:00">September 27, 2023</time><span class="byline"> by <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://history-computer.com/author/tyler-harz/">Tyler Von Harz</a></span></span></p><p class="card-text"> <a class="text-body text-decoration-none" href="https://history-computer.com/understanding-html-forms-with-examples/"> Key PointsHTML forms are essential for submitting user information to websites, such as requests for callbacks, emails, appointments, or surveys.To […] </a></p><div class="tags-links"><p class="tags-heading mb-2">Tagged</p><a class="cc-tags me-2" href="https://history-computer.com/tag/programming/" rel="tag">Programming</a></div></div></div></div></div></article><article id="post-246459" class="post-246459 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-articles tag-programming tag-vs"><div class="cc-card horizontal mb-4"><div class="row g-0"><div class="col-lg-6 col-xl-5 col-xxl-4 me-md-4 me-sm-0"> <a href="https://history-computer.com/python-vs-css/"> <img width="300" height="180" src="https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/programming-code-300x180.jpg" class="card-img-lg-start wp-post-image" alt="programming code" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/programming-code-300x180.jpg 300w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/programming-code-1200x720.jpg 1200w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/programming-code-768x461.jpg 768w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/programming-code-1536x922.jpg 1536w, https://history-computer.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/programming-code.jpg 2000w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /> </a></div><div class="col"><div class="card-body"> <a class="text-body text-decoration-none" href="https://history-computer.com/python-vs-css/"><h2 class="blog-post-title h5">Python vs. CSS: What’s the Difference and Which Is Better?</h2> </a><p class="meta small mb-2 text-muted"> Updated: <time datetime="2023-08-13T13:38:02-06:00">August 13, 2023</time><span class="byline"> by <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://history-computer.com/author/tyler-harz/">Tyler Von Harz</a></span></span></p><p class="card-text"> <a class="text-body text-decoration-none" href="https://history-computer.com/python-vs-css/"> Python vs. CSS: how can you compare these two languages? 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d?e[1]<=window.innerHeight-100:!0;return(c.autosize?e[0]<=b||320>=e[0]:!0)&&f})},Pa=function(){return function(c){this.clsOptions=c;this.enabledLocations=["Below_Post","Content","Recipe","Sidebar"]}}(),Qa=function(c){var a=document.body;c="adthrive-device-".concat(c);if(!a.classList.contains(c))try{a.classList.add(c)}catch(b){q.error("BodyDeviceClassComponent","init",{message:b.message}),a="classList"in document.createElement("_"),q.error("BodyDeviceClassComponent","init.support",{support:a})}},Ra= function(c,a,b,d){void 0===b&&(b=1200);void 0===d&&(d=25);return Math.min(Math.max(Math.floor((c-a.offsetTop)/(b+10))-2,1),d)},Sa=function(c){if(c&&c.length){for(var a=0,b=0;b<c.length;b++){var d=V(c[b]);if(d.valid&&d.elements&&d.elements[0]){a=Z(d.elements[0]).height;break}}return a}},Ta=function(c){return T('\n .adthrive-device-phone .adthrive-sticky-content {\n height: 450px !important;\n margin-bottom: 100px !important;\n }\n .adthrive-content.adthrive-sticky {\n position: 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this.key.toLowerCase():"";g=g?"".concat(h,"_").concat(g):h;g=this.localStoragePrefix?"".concat(this.localStoragePrefix,"-").concat(g):g;h=R.getLocalStorageValue("branch");!1===(h&&h.enabled)&&R.removeLocalStorageValue(g);return R.getOrSetABGroupLocalStorageValue(g,function(){return d.apply(e,f)},864E5)})}};H=function(c){function a(){var b=null!==c&&c.apply(this,arguments)||this;b._resultValidator=function(){return!0};return b}x(a,c);a.prototype._isValidResult=function(b){var d=this;return c.prototype._isValidResult.call(this, b,function(){return d._resultValidator(b)||"control"===b})};a.prototype.run=function(){if(!this.enabled)return q.error("CLSWeightedChoiceSiteExperiment","run","() => %o","No experiment config found. Defaulting to control."),"control";if(!this._mappedChoices||0===this._mappedChoices.length)return q.error("CLSWeightedChoiceSiteExperiment","run","() => %o","No experiment variants found. Defaulting to control."),"control";var b=(new O(this._mappedChoices)).get();if(this._isValidResult(b))return b;q.error("CLSWeightedChoiceSiteExperiment", "run","() => %o","Invalid result from experiment choices. Defaulting to control.");return"control"};return a}(function(){function c(){}Object.defineProperty(c.prototype,"enabled",{get:function(){return void 0!==this.experimentConfig},enumerable:!1,configurable:!0});c.prototype._isValidResult=function(a,b){void 0===b&&(b=function(){return!0});return b()&&R.isValidABGroupLocalStorageValue(a)};return c}());var na=function(){function c(a){var b=this,d,e;this.siteExperiments=[];this._clsOptions=a;this._device= G()?"mobile":"desktop";this.siteExperiments=null!==(e=null===(d=this._clsOptions.siteAds.siteExperiments)||void 0===d?void 0:d.filter(function(f){var g=f.key;var h=b._device;if(f){var k=!!f.enabled,l=null==f.dateStart||Date.now()>=f.dateStart,n=null==f.dateEnd||Date.now()<=f.dateEnd,p=null===f.selector||""!==f.selector&&!!document.querySelector(f.selector),r="mobile"===f.platform&&"mobile"===h;h="desktop"===f.platform&&"desktop"===h;r=null===f.platform||"all"===f.platform||r||h;(h="bernoulliTrial"=== f.experimentType?1===f.variants.length:xa(f.variants))||q.error("SiteTest","validateSiteExperiment","experiment presented invalid choices for key:",f.key,f.variants);f=k&&l&&n&&p&&r&&h}else f=!1;a:switch(k=b._clsOptions.siteAds,g){case F.AdDensity:var m=va(k,b._device);break a;case F.StickyOutstream:var t,v;m=(g=null===(v=null===(t=null===(m=k.videoPlayers)||void 0===m?void 0:m.partners)||void 0===t?void 0:t.stickyOutstream)||void 0===v?void 0:v.blockedPageSelectors)?!document.querySelector(g):!0; break a;case F.Interstitial:m=(m=k.adOptions.interstitialBlockedPageSelectors)?!document.querySelector(m):!0;break a;default:m=!0}return f&&m}))&&void 0!==e?e:[]}c.prototype.getSiteExperimentByKey=function(a){var b=this.siteExperiments.filter(function(f){return f.key.toLowerCase()===a.toLowerCase()})[0],d=za("at_site_features"),e=typeof((null===b||void 0===b?0:b.variants[1])?null===b||void 0===b?void 0:b.variants[1].value:null===b||void 0===b?void 0:b.variants[0].value)===typeof d[a];b&&d[a]&&e&& (b.variants=[{displayName:"test",value:d[a],weight:100,id:0}]);return b};return c}(),Ya=function(c){function a(b){var d=c.call(this)||this;d._choices=[];d._mappedChoices=[];d._result="";d._resultValidator=function(e){return"string"===typeof e};d.key=F.AdLayout;d.abgroup=F.AdLayout;d._clsSiteExperiments=new na(b);d.experimentConfig=d._clsSiteExperiments.getSiteExperimentByKey(d.key);d.enabled&&d.experimentConfig&&(d._choices=d.experimentConfig.variants,d._mappedChoices=d._mapChoices(),d._result=d.run(), b.setWeightedChoiceExperiment(d.abgroup,d._result,!0));return d}x(a,c);Object.defineProperty(a.prototype,"result",{get:function(){return this._result},enumerable:!1,configurable:!0});a.prototype.run=function(){if(!this.enabled)return q.error("CLSAdLayoutSiteExperiment","run","() => %o","No experiment config found. Defaulting to empty class name."),"";var b=(new O(this._mappedChoices)).get();if(this._isValidResult(b))return b;q.error("CLSAdLayoutSiteExperiment","run","() => %o","Invalid result from experiment choices. Defaulting to empty class name."); return""};a.prototype._mapChoices=function(){return this._choices.map(function(b){return{weight:b.weight,choice:b.value}})};J([ma(),E("design:type",Function),E("design:paramtypes",[]),E("design:returntype",void 0)],a.prototype,"run",null);return a}(H),Za=function(c){function a(b){var d=c.call(this)||this;d._choices=[];d._mappedChoices=[];d._result="control";d._resultValidator=function(e){return"number"===typeof e};d.key=F.AdDensity;d.abgroup=F.AdDensity;d._clsSiteExperiments=new na(b);d.experimentConfig= d._clsSiteExperiments.getSiteExperimentByKey(d.key);d.enabled&&d.experimentConfig&&(d._choices=d.experimentConfig.variants,d._mappedChoices=d._mapChoices(),d._result=d.run(),b.setWeightedChoiceExperiment(d.abgroup,d._result,!0));return d}x(a,c);Object.defineProperty(a.prototype,"result",{get:function(){return this._result},enumerable:!1,configurable:!0});a.prototype.run=function(){if(!this.enabled)return q.error("CLSTargetAdDensitySiteExperiment","run","() => %o","No experiment config found. Defaulting to control."), "control";var b=(new O(this._mappedChoices)).get();if(this._isValidResult(b))return b;q.error("CLSTargetAdDensitySiteExperiment","run","() => %o","Invalid result from experiment choices. Defaulting to control.");return"control"};a.prototype._mapChoices=function(){return this._choices.map(function(b){var d=b.value;return{weight:b.weight,choice:"number"===typeof d?(d||0)/100:"control"}})};J([ma(),E("design:type",Function),E("design:paramtypes",[]),E("design:returntype",void 0)],a.prototype,"run",null); return a}(H),$a=function(c){function a(){var b=c.call(this)||this;b._result=!1;b.abgroup="scae";b.key="StickyContainerAds";b._choices=[{choice:!0},{choice:!1}];b.weight=.99;b._result=b.run();b.setExperimentKey();return b}x(a,c);Object.defineProperty(a.prototype,"result",{get:function(){return this._result},enumerable:!1,configurable:!0});a.prototype.run=function(){return(new I(this.weight)).get()};return a=J([N("StickyContainerAdsExperiment"),E("design:paramtypes",[])],a)}(A),ab=function(c){function a(){var b= c.call(this)||this;b._result=!1;b.abgroup="scre";b.key="StickyContainerRecipe";b._choices=[{choice:!0},{choice:!1}];b.weight=.99;b._result=b.run();b.setExperimentKey();return b}x(a,c);Object.defineProperty(a.prototype,"result",{get:function(){return this._result},enumerable:!1,configurable:!0});a.prototype.run=function(){return(new I(this.weight)).get()};return a=J([N("StickyContainerRecipeExperiment"),E("design:paramtypes",[])],a)}(A),bb=function(){function c(a){this.key="DynamicSidebarSlotsMinHeight"; this.abgroup="dssmh";this._result=2700;this._choices=[{choice:1800,weight:10},{choice:2100,weight:10},{choice:2400,weight:10},{choice:2700,weight:60},{choice:3E3,weight:10}];this._isValidResult=function(b){return"number"===typeof b};this._result=this.run();a.setWeightedChoiceExperiment(this.abgroup,this._result,!1)}Object.defineProperty(c.prototype,"result",{get:function(){return this._result},enumerable:!1,configurable:!0});c.prototype.run=function(){var a=(new O(this._choices)).get();if(this._isValidResult(a))return a; q.error("setWeightedChoiceExperiment","run","() => %o","Invalid result from experiment choices. Defaulting to 0.");return 0};return c}(),cb=function(){function c(a){this.key="DynamicSidebarSlotsCap";this.abgroup="dssc";this._result=25;this._choices=[{choice:25,weight:25},{choice:50,weight:25},{choice:75,weight:25},{choice:100,weight:25}];this._isValidResult=function(b){return"number"===typeof b};this._result=this.run();a.setWeightedChoiceExperiment(this.abgroup,this._result,!1)}Object.defineProperty(c.prototype, "result",{get:function(){return this._result},enumerable:!1,configurable:!0});c.prototype.run=function(){var a=(new O(this._choices)).get();if(this._isValidResult(a))return a;q.error("DynamicSidebarSlotsCapCLSExperiment","run","() => %o","Invalid result from experiment choices. Defaulting to 0.");return 0};return c}(),eb=function(){function c(a,b){this._clsOptions=a;this._adInjectionMap=b;this._mainContentHeight=this._recipeCount=0;this._mainContentDiv=null;this._totalAvailableElements=[];this._minDivHeight= 250;this._densityDevice=M.Desktop;this._pubLog={onePerViewport:!1,targetDensity:0,targetDensityUnits:0,combinedMax:0};this._densityMax=.99;this._smallerIncrementAttempts=0;this._absoluteMinimumSpacingByDevice=250;this._usedAbsoluteMinimum=!1;this._infPageEndOffset=0;this.locationMaxLazySequence=new Map([["Recipe",5]]);this.locationToMinHeight={Below_Post:"250px",Content:"250px",Recipe:"250px",Sidebar:"250px"};b=this._clsOptions.siteAds.breakpoints;var d=b.tablet;var e=window.innerWidth;b=e>=b.desktop? "desktop":e>=d?"tablet":"phone";this._device=b;this._config=new Pa(a);this._clsOptions.enabledLocations=this._config.enabledLocations;this._clsTargetAdDensitySiteExperiment=this._clsOptions.siteAds.siteExperiments?new Za(this._clsOptions):null;this._dynamicSidebarSlotsMinHeightExperiment=new bb(this._clsOptions);this._dynamicSidebarSlotsCapExperiment=new cb(this._clsOptions);this._stickyContainerAdsExperiment=new $a;this._stickyContainerRecipeExperiment=new ab;this._enhancedStickySidebarAdsExperiment= new Va;this._removeRecipeCapExperiment=new Wa}c.prototype.start=function(){var a=this,b,d,e,f,g,h,k;try{Qa(this._device);var l=new Ya(this._clsOptions);if(l.enabled){var n=l.result,p=n.startsWith(".")?n.substring(1):n;if(/^[-_a-zA-Z]+[-_a-zA-Z0-9]*$/.test(p))try{document.body.classList.add(p)}catch(B){q.error("ClsDynamicAdsInjector","start","Uncaught CSS Class error: ".concat(B))}else q.error("ClsDynamicAdsInjector","start","Invalid class name: ".concat(p))}var r=this._clsOptions.siteAds.adOptions, m=(null===(b=this._dynamicSidebarSlotsMinHeightExperiment)||void 0===b?void 0:b.result)||(null===(e=null===(d=r.sidebarConfig)||void 0===d?void 0:d.dynamicStickySidebar)||void 0===e?void 0:e.minHeight),t=r.siteAttributes,v=G()?null===t||void 0===t?void 0:t.mobileHeaderSelectors:null===t||void 0===t?void 0:t.desktopHeaderSelectors,y=Sa(v);Ua(m,y);var D=Oa(this._device,this._clsOptions.siteAds).filter(function(B){return a._locationEnabled(B)}).filter(function(B){return B.devices.includes(a._device)}).filter(function(B){return 0=== B.pageSelector.length||null!==document.querySelector(B.pageSelector)}),P=this.inject(D);(null===(g=null===(f=this._clsOptions.siteAds.adOptions.stickyContainerConfig)||void 0===f?void 0:f.content)||void 0===g?0:g.enabled)&&this._stickyContainerAdsExperiment.result&&!X(this._clsOptions.siteAds.adOptions.stickyContainerConfig.blockedSelectors||[])&&Ta(null===(k=null===(h=this._clsOptions.siteAds.adOptions.stickyContainerConfig)||void 0===h?void 0:h.content)||void 0===k?void 0:k.minHeight);P.forEach(function(B){return a._clsOptions.setInjectedSlots(B)})}catch(B){q.error("ClsDynamicAdsInjector", "start",B)}};c.prototype.inject=function(a,b){void 0===b&&(b=document);this._densityDevice="desktop"===this._device?M.Desktop:M.Mobile;this._overrideDefaultAdDensitySettingsWithSiteExperiment();var d=this._clsOptions.siteAds,e=w(d.adDensityEnabled,!0),f=d.adDensityLayout&&e;d=a.filter(function(g){return f?"Content"!==g.location:g});a=a.filter(function(g){return f?"Content"===g.location:null});return C(C([],u(d.length?this._injectNonDensitySlots(d,b):[]),!1),u(a.length?this._injectDensitySlots(a,b): []),!1)};c.prototype._injectNonDensitySlots=function(a,b){var d,e=this,f,g,h,k,l,n,p;void 0===b&&(b=document);var r=[],m=[],t=(null===(g=null===(f=this._clsOptions.siteAds.adOptions.sidebarConfig)||void 0===f?void 0:f.dynamicStickySidebar)||void 0===g?void 0:g.enabled)&&this._enhancedStickySidebarAdsExperiment.result;this._stickyContainerRecipeExperiment.result&&a.some(function(K){return"Recipe"===K.location&&K.sticky})&&!X((null===(h=this._clsOptions.siteAds.adOptions.stickyContainerConfig)||void 0=== h?void 0:h.blockedSelectors)||[])&&(f=this._clsOptions.siteAds.adOptions.stickyContainerConfig,f="phone"===this._device?null===(k=null===f||void 0===f?void 0:f.recipeMobile)||void 0===k?void 0:k.minHeight:null===(l=null===f||void 0===f?void 0:f.recipeDesktop)||void 0===l?void 0:l.minHeight,T("\n .adthrive-recipe.adthrive-sticky {\n position: -webkit-sticky;\n position: sticky !important;\n top: 42px !important;\n margin-top: 42px !important;\n }\n .adthrive-recipe-sticky-container {\n position: relative;\n display: flex;\n flex-direction: column;\n justify-content: flex-start;\n align-items: center;\n min-height:".concat(f? f:400,"px !important;\n margin: 10px 0 10px 0;\n background-color: #FAFAFA;\n padding-bottom:0px;\n }\n ")));try{for(var v=Q(a),y=v.next();!y.done;y=v.next()){var D=y.value,P="Sidebar"===D.location&&9===D.sequence&&D.sticky,B=(null===(p=null===(n=this._clsOptions.siteAds.adOptions.sidebarConfig)||void 0===n?void 0:n.dynamicStickySidebar)||void 0===p?void 0:p.blockedSelectors)||[],db=X(B);t&&P?db?this._insertNonDensityAds(D,r,m,b):this._insertDynamicStickySidebarAds(D,r,m,b):this._insertNonDensityAds(D, r,m,b)}}catch(K){var oa={error:K}}finally{try{y&&!y.done&&(d=v.return)&&d.call(v)}finally{if(oa)throw oa.error;}}m.forEach(function(K){K.element.style.minHeight=e.locationToMinHeight[K.location]});return r};c.prototype._injectDensitySlots=function(a,b){void 0===b&&(b=document);try{this._calculateMainContentHeightAndAllElements(a,b)}catch(h){return[]}var d=this._getDensitySettings(a,b);a=d.onePerViewport;var e=d.targetAll,f=d.targetDensityUnits,g=d.combinedMax;d=d.numberOfUnits;this._absoluteMinimumSpacingByDevice= a?window.innerHeight:this._absoluteMinimumSpacingByDevice;if(!d)return[];this._adInjectionMap.filterUsed();this._findElementsForAds(d,a,e,g,f,b);return this._insertAds()};c.prototype._overrideDefaultAdDensitySettingsWithSiteExperiment=function(){var a;if(null===(a=this._clsTargetAdDensitySiteExperiment)||void 0===a?0:a.enabled)a=this._clsTargetAdDensitySiteExperiment.result,"number"===typeof a&&(this._clsOptions.siteAds.adDensityEnabled=!0,this._clsOptions.siteAds.adDensityLayout[this._densityDevice].adDensity= a)};c.prototype._getDensitySettings=function(a,b){void 0===b&&(b=document);var d=this._clsOptions.siteAds.adDensityLayout,e=this._determineOverrides(d.pageOverrides);e=e.length?e[0]:d[this._densityDevice];d=this._clsOptions.getTargetDensity(e.adDensity);e=e.onePerViewport;var f=this._shouldTargetAllEligible(d),g=this._getTargetDensityUnits(d,f);a=this._getCombinedMax(a,b);b=Math.min.apply(Math,C([],u(C([this._totalAvailableElements.length,g],u(0<a?[a]:[]),!1)),!1));this._pubLog={onePerViewport:e, targetDensity:d,targetDensityUnits:g,combinedMax:a};return{onePerViewport:e,targetAll:f,targetDensityUnits:g,combinedMax:a,numberOfUnits:b}};c.prototype._determineOverrides=function(a){var b=this;return a.filter(function(d){var e=V(d.pageSelector);return""===d.pageSelector||e.elements&&e.elements.length}).map(function(d){return d[b._densityDevice]})};c.prototype._shouldTargetAllEligible=function(a){return a===this._densityMax};c.prototype._getTargetDensityUnits=function(a,b){return b?this._totalAvailableElements.length: Math.floor(a*this._mainContentHeight/(1-a)/this._minDivHeight)-this._recipeCount};c.prototype._getCombinedMax=function(a,b){void 0===b&&(b=document);return w(a.filter(function(d){try{var e=b.querySelector(d.elementSelector)}catch(f){}return e}).map(function(d){return Number(d.max)+Number(d.lazyMaxDefaulted?0:d.lazyMax)}).sort(function(d,e){return e-d})[0],0)};c.prototype._elementLargerThanMainContent=function(a){return a.offsetHeight>=this._mainContentHeight&&1<this._totalAvailableElements.length}; c.prototype._elementDisplayNone=function(a){var b=window.getComputedStyle(a,null).display;return b&&"none"===b||"none"===a.style.display};c.prototype._isBelowMaxes=function(a,b){return this._adInjectionMap.map.length<a&&this._adInjectionMap.map.length<b};c.prototype._findElementsForAds=function(a,b,d,e,f,g){var h=this;void 0===g&&(g=document);this._clsOptions.targetDensityLog={onePerViewport:b,combinedMax:e,targetDensityUnits:f,targetDensityPercentage:this._pubLog.targetDensity,mainContentHeight:this._mainContentHeight, recipeCount:this._recipeCount,numberOfEls:this._totalAvailableElements.length};var k=function(l){var n;try{for(var p=Q(h._totalAvailableElements),r=p.next();!r.done;r=p.next()){var m=r.value,t=m.dynamicAd,v=m.element;h._logDensityInfo(v,t.elementSelector,l);if(!(!d&&h._elementLargerThanMainContent(v)||h._elementDisplayNone(v)))if(h._isBelowMaxes(e,f))h._checkElementSpacing({dynamicAd:t,element:v,insertEvery:l,targetAll:d,target:g});else break}}catch(D){var y={error:D}}finally{try{r&&!r.done&&(n=p.return)&& n.call(p)}finally{if(y)throw y.error;}}!h._usedAbsoluteMinimum&&5>h._smallerIncrementAttempts&&(++h._smallerIncrementAttempts,k(h._getSmallerIncrement(l)))};a=this._getInsertEvery(a,b,f);k(a)};c.prototype._getSmallerIncrement=function(a){a*=.6;a<=this._absoluteMinimumSpacingByDevice&&(a=this._absoluteMinimumSpacingByDevice,this._usedAbsoluteMinimum=!0);return a};c.prototype._insertDynamicStickySidebarAds=function(a,b,d,e){void 0===e&&(e=document);var f=this.getElements(a.elementSelector,e).item(a.skip); if(null!==f)for(var g=this._repeatDynamicStickySidebar(a,f),h=function(n){var p=g[n],r="".concat(p.location,"_").concat(p.sequence);if(b.some(function(y){return y.name===r}))return"continue";var m=k.getDynamicElementId(p),t="adthrive-".concat(a.location.replace("_","-").toLowerCase()),v="".concat(t,"-").concat(p.sequence);n=C([n!==g.length-1?"adthrive-sticky-sidebar":"",t,v],u(a.classNames),!1);if(m=k.addAd(f,m,p.position,n))n=W(p,m),n.length&&(b.push({clsDynamicAd:a,dynamicAd:p,element:m,sizes:n, name:r,infinite:e!==document}),d.push({location:p.location,element:m}))},k=this,l=0;l<g.length;l++)h(l)};c.prototype._insertNonDensityAds=function(a,b,d,e){void 0===e&&(e=document);var f=0,g=0,h=0;0<a.spacing&&(g=f=window.innerHeight*a.spacing);for(var k=this._repeatDynamicAds(a),l=this.getElements(a.elementSelector,e),n=function(m){if(h+1>k.length)return"break";var t=l[m];if(0<f){m=Z(t).bottom;if(m<=g)return"continue";g=m+f}m=k[h];var v="".concat(m.location,"_").concat(m.sequence);b.some(function(B){return B.name=== v})&&(h+=1);var y=p.getDynamicElementId(m),D="adthrive-".concat(a.location.replace("_","-").toLowerCase()),P="".concat(D,"-").concat(a.sequence);D=C(["Sidebar"===a.location&&a.sticky&&a.sequence&&5>=a.sequence?"adthrive-sticky-sidebar":"",p._stickyContainerRecipeExperiment.result&&"Recipe"===a.location&&a.sticky?"adthrive-recipe-sticky-container":"",D,P],u(a.classNames),!1);if(t=p.addAd(t,y,a.position,D))y=W(m,t),y.length&&(b.push({clsDynamicAd:a,dynamicAd:m,element:t,sizes:y,name:v,infinite:e!== document}),d.push({location:m.location,element:t}),"Recipe"===a.location&&++p._recipeCount,h+=1)},p=this,r=a.skip;r<l.length&&"break"!==n(r);r+=a.every);};c.prototype._insertAds=function(){var a=this,b=[];this._adInjectionMap.filterUsed();this._adInjectionMap.map.forEach(function(d,e){var f=d.el,g=d.dynamicAd;d=d.target;e=Number(g.sequence)+e;var h=g.max;h=g.lazy&&e>h;g.sequence=e;g.lazy=h;if(f=a._addContentAd(f,g,d))g.used=!0,b.push(f)});return b};c.prototype._getInsertEvery=function(a,b,d){this._moreAvailableElementsThanUnitsToInject(d, a)?(this._usedAbsoluteMinimum=!1,a=this._useWiderSpacing(d,a)):(this._usedAbsoluteMinimum=!0,a=this._useSmallestSpacing(b));return b&&window.innerHeight>a?window.innerHeight:a};c.prototype._useWiderSpacing=function(a,b){return this._mainContentHeight/Math.min(a,b)};c.prototype._useSmallestSpacing=function(a){return a&&window.innerHeight>this._absoluteMinimumSpacingByDevice?window.innerHeight:this._absoluteMinimumSpacingByDevice};c.prototype._moreAvailableElementsThanUnitsToInject=function(a,b){return this._totalAvailableElements.length> a||this._totalAvailableElements.length>b};c.prototype._logDensityInfo=function(a,b,d){a=this._pubLog;a.onePerViewport;a.targetDensity;a.combinedMax};c.prototype._checkElementSpacing=function(a){var b=a.dynamicAd,d=a.element,e=a.insertEvery,f=a.targetAll;a=a.target;a=void 0===a?document:a;(this._isFirstAdInjected()||this._hasProperSpacing(d,b,f,e))&&this._markSpotForContentAd(d,z({},b),a)};c.prototype._isFirstAdInjected=function(){return!this._adInjectionMap.map.length};c.prototype._markSpotForContentAd= function(a,b,d){void 0===d&&(d=document);this._adInjectionMap.add(a,this._getElementCoords(a,"beforebegin"===b.position||"afterbegin"===b.position),b,d);this._adInjectionMap.sort()};c.prototype._hasProperSpacing=function(a,b,d,e){var f="beforebegin"===b.position||"afterbegin"===b.position;b="beforeend"===b.position||"afterbegin"===b.position;d=d||this._isElementFarEnoughFromOtherAdElements(a,e,f);f=b||this._isElementNotInRow(a,f);a=-1===a.id.indexOf("AdThrive_".concat("Below_Post"));return d&&f&& a};c.prototype._isElementFarEnoughFromOtherAdElements=function(a,b,d){a=this._getElementCoords(a,d);var e=!1;for(d=0;d<this._adInjectionMap.map.length&&!(e=this._adInjectionMap.map[d+1]&&this._adInjectionMap.map[d+1].coords,e=a-b>this._adInjectionMap.map[d].coords&&(!e||a+b<e));d++);return e};c.prototype._isElementNotInRow=function(a,b){var d=a.previousElementSibling,e=a.nextElementSibling;return(b=b?!d&&e||d&&a.tagName!==d.tagName?e:d:e)&&0===a.getBoundingClientRect().height?!0:b?a.getBoundingClientRect().top!== b.getBoundingClientRect().top:!0};c.prototype._calculateMainContentHeightAndAllElements=function(a,b){void 0===b&&(b=document);a=u(ua(a,this._adInjectionMap,b),2);b=a[1];this._mainContentDiv=a[0];this._totalAvailableElements=b;a=this._mainContentDiv;b=void 0;void 0===b&&(b="div #comments, section .comments");this._mainContentHeight=(b=a.querySelector(b))?a.offsetHeight-b.offsetHeight:a.offsetHeight};c.prototype._getElementCoords=function(a,b){void 0===b&&(b=!1);a=a.getBoundingClientRect();return(b? a.top:a.bottom)+window.scrollY};c.prototype._addContentAd=function(a,b,d){var e,f;void 0===d&&(d=document);var g=null,h="adthrive-".concat(b.location.replace("_","-").toLowerCase()),k="".concat(h,"-").concat(b.sequence),l=(null===(f=null===(e=this._clsOptions.siteAds.adOptions.stickyContainerConfig)||void 0===e?void 0:e.content)||void 0===f?0:f.enabled)&&this._stickyContainerAdsExperiment.result?"adthrive-sticky-container":"";if(a=this.addAd(a,this.getDynamicElementId(b),b.position,C([l,h,k],u(b.classNames), !1)))e=W(b,a),e.length&&(a.style.minHeight=this.locationToMinHeight[b.location],g="".concat(b.location,"_").concat(b.sequence),g={clsDynamicAd:b,dynamicAd:b,element:a,sizes:e,name:g,infinite:d!==document});return g};c.prototype.getDynamicElementId=function(a){return"".concat("AdThrive","_").concat(a.location,"_").concat(a.sequence,"_").concat(this._device)};c.prototype.getElements=function(a,b){void 0===b&&(b=document);return b.querySelectorAll(a)};c.prototype.addAd=function(a,b,d,e){void 0===e&& (e=[]);document.getElementById(b)||(e='<div id="'.concat(b,'" class="adthrive-ad ').concat(e.join(" "),'"></div>'),a.insertAdjacentHTML(d,e));return document.getElementById(b)};c.prototype._repeatDynamicAds=function(a){var b=[],d=this._removeRecipeCapExperiment.result&&"Recipe"===a.location?99:this.locationMaxLazySequence.get(a.location),e=a.lazy?w(d,0):0;d=a.max;var f=a.lazyMax;e=Math.max(d,0===e&&a.lazy?d+f:Math.min(Math.max(e-a.sequence+1,0),d+f));for(f=0;f<e;f++){var g=Number(a.sequence)+f,h= a.lazy&&f>=d;b.push(z(z({},a),{sequence:g,lazy:h}))}return b};c.prototype._repeatSpecificDynamicAds=function(a,b,d){void 0===d&&(d=0);for(var e=[],f=0;f<b;f++){var g=d+f;e.push(z(z({},a),{sequence:g}))}return e};c.prototype._repeatDynamicStickySidebar=function(a,b){var d,e,f,g;if("Sidebar"!==a.location||9!==a.sequence||!a.sticky)return[a];if(b){var h=(null===(d=this._dynamicSidebarSlotsMinHeightExperiment)||void 0===d?void 0:d.result)||(null===(f=null===(e=this._clsOptions.siteAds.adOptions.sidebarConfig)|| void 0===e?void 0:e.dynamicStickySidebar)||void 0===f?void 0:f.minHeight);d=a.stickyOverlapSelector?(null===(g=document.querySelector(a.stickyOverlapSelector))||void 0===g?void 0:g.offsetTop)||document.body.scrollHeight:document.body.scrollHeight;b=Ra(d,b,h,this._dynamicSidebarSlotsCapExperiment.result);return this._repeatSpecificDynamicAds(a,b,9).map(function(k){9!==k.sequence&&(k.lazy=!0);return k})}return[a]};c.prototype._locationEnabled=function(a){a=this._clsOptions.enabledLocations.includes(a.location); var b=this._clsOptions.disableAds&&this._clsOptions.disableAds.all||document.body.classList.contains("adthrive-disable-all"),d=!document.body.classList.contains("adthrive-disable-content")&&!this._clsOptions.disableAds.reasons.has("content_plugin");return a&&!b&&d};return c}(),fb=function(c){function a(b,d){var e=c.call(this,b,"ClsVideoInsertion")||this;e._videoConfig=b;e._clsOptions=d;e._IN_POST_SELECTOR=".adthrive-video-player";e._WRAPPER_BAR_HEIGHT=36;e._playersAddedFromPlugin=[];d.removeVideoTitleWrapper&& (e._WRAPPER_BAR_HEIGHT=0);return e}x(a,c);a.prototype.init=function(){this._initializePlayers()};a.prototype._wrapJWPlayerWithCLS=function(b,d,e){void 0===e&&(e=0);return b.parentNode?(d=this._createGenericCLSWrapper(.5625*b.offsetWidth,d,e),b.parentNode.insertBefore(d,b),d.appendChild(b),d):null};a.prototype._createGenericCLSWrapper=function(b,d,e){var f=document.createElement("div");f.id="cls-video-container-".concat(d);f.className="adthrive";f.style.minHeight="".concat(b+e,"px");return f};a.prototype._getTitleHeight= function(b){b.innerText="Title";b.style.visibility="hidden";document.body.appendChild(b);var d=window.getComputedStyle(b),e=parseInt(d.height,10),f=parseInt(d.marginTop,10);d=parseInt(d.marginBottom,10);document.body.removeChild(b);return Math.min(e+d+f,50)};a.prototype._initializePlayers=function(){var b=document.querySelectorAll(this._IN_POST_SELECTOR);b.length&&this._initializeRelatedPlayers(b);this._shouldRunAutoplayPlayers()&&this._determineAutoplayPlayers()};a.prototype._createStationaryRelatedPlayer= function(b,d){var e="mobile"===this._device?[400,225]:[640,360],f=L.Video_In_Post_ClicktoPlay_SoundOn;d&&b.mediaId&&(d=this._wrapJWPlayerWithCLS(d,b.mediaId),this._playersAddedFromPlugin.push(b.mediaId),d&&this._clsOptions.setInjectedVideoSlots({playerId:b.playerId,playerName:f,playerSize:e,element:d,type:"stationaryRelated"}))};a.prototype._createStickyRelatedPlayer=function(b,d){var e="mobile"===this._device?[400,225]:[640,360],f=L.Video_Individual_Autoplay_SOff;this._stickyRelatedOnPage=!0;this._videoConfig.mobileStickyPlayerOnPage= "mobile"===this._device;if(d&&b.position&&b.mediaId){var g=document.createElement("div");d.insertAdjacentElement(b.position,g);d=document.createElement("h3");d.style.margin="10px 0";d=this._getTitleHeight(d);d=this._wrapJWPlayerWithCLS(g,b.mediaId,this._WRAPPER_BAR_HEIGHT+d);this._playersAddedFromPlugin.push(b.mediaId);d&&this._clsOptions.setInjectedVideoSlots({playlistId:b.playlistId,playerId:b.playerId,playerSize:e,playerName:f,element:g,type:"stickyRelated"})}};a.prototype._createPlaylistPlayer= function(b,d){var e=b.playlistId,f="mobile"===this._device?L.Video_Coll_SOff_Smartphone:L.Video_Collapse_Autoplay_SoundOff,g="mobile"===this._device?[400,225]:[640,360];this._videoConfig.mobileStickyPlayerOnPage=!0;var h=document.createElement("div");d.insertAdjacentElement(b.position,h);d=this._wrapJWPlayerWithCLS(h,e,this._WRAPPER_BAR_HEIGHT);this._playersAddedFromPlugin.push("playlist-".concat(e));d&&this._clsOptions.setInjectedVideoSlots({playlistId:b.playlistId,playerId:b.playerId,playerSize:g, playerName:f,element:h,type:"stickyPlaylist"})};a.prototype._isVideoAllowedOnPage=function(){var b=this._clsOptions.disableAds;if(b&&b.video){var d="";b.reasons.has("video_tag")?d="video tag":b.reasons.has("video_plugin")?d="video plugin":b.reasons.has("video_page")&&(d="command queue");q.error(d?"ClsVideoInsertionMigrated":"ClsVideoInsertion","isVideoAllowedOnPage",Error("DBP: Disabled by publisher via ".concat(d||"other")));return!1}return this._clsOptions.videoDisabledFromPlugin?!1:!0};return a}(function(c){function a(b, d){var e=c.call(this)||this;e._videoConfig=b;e._component=d;e._stickyRelatedOnPage=!1;e._contextualMediaIds=[];b=void 0;void 0===b&&(b=navigator.userAgent);b=/Windows NT|Macintosh/i.test(b);e._device=b?"desktop":"mobile";e._potentialPlayerMap=e.setPotentialPlayersMap();return e}x(a,c);a.prototype.setPotentialPlayersMap=function(){var b=this._videoConfig.players||[],d=this._filterPlayerMap();b=b.filter(function(e){return"stationaryRelated"===e.type&&e.enabled});d.stationaryRelated=b;return this._potentialPlayerMap= d};a.prototype._filterPlayerMap=function(){var b=this,d=this._videoConfig.players,e={stickyRelated:[],stickyPlaylist:[],stationaryRelated:[]};return d&&d.length?d.filter(function(f){var g;return null===(g=f.devices)||void 0===g?void 0:g.includes(b._device)}).reduce(function(f,g){f[g.type]||(q.event(b._component,"constructor","Unknown Video Player Type detected",g.type),f[g.type]=[]);g.enabled&&f[g.type].push(g);return f},e):e};a.prototype._checkPlayerSelectorOnPage=function(b){var d=this;b=this._potentialPlayerMap[b].map(function(e){return{player:e, playerElement:d._getPlacementElement(e)}});return b.length?b[0]:{player:null,playerElement:null}};a.prototype._getOverrideElement=function(b,d,e){b&&d?(e=document.createElement("div"),d.insertAdjacentElement(b.position,e)):(d=this._checkPlayerSelectorOnPage("stickyPlaylist"),b=d.player,d=d.playerElement,b&&d&&(e=document.createElement("div"),d.insertAdjacentElement(b.position,e)));return e};a.prototype._shouldOverrideElement=function(b){b=b.getAttribute("override-embed");return"true"===b||"false"=== b?"true"===b:this._videoConfig.contextualSettings?this._videoConfig.contextualSettings.overrideEmbedLocation:!1};a.prototype._checkPageSelector=function(b,d,e){void 0===e&&(e=[]);return b&&d&&0===e.length?("/"!==window.location.pathname&&q.event("VideoUtils","getPlacementElement",Error("PSNF: ".concat(b," does not exist on the page"))),!1):!0};a.prototype._getElementSelector=function(b,d,e){if(d&&d.length>e)return d[e];q.event("VideoUtils","getPlacementElement",Error("ESNF: ".concat(b," does not exist on the page"))); return null};a.prototype._getPlacementElement=function(b){var d=b.pageSelector,e=b.elementSelector;b=b.skip;var f=V(d),g=f.valid,h=f.elements;f=Y(f,["valid","elements"]);var k=ia(e),l=k.valid,n=k.elements;k=Y(k,["valid","elements"]);return""===d||g?l?this._checkPageSelector(d,g,h)?this._getElementSelector(e,n,b)||null:null:(q.error("VideoUtils","getPlacementElement",Error("".concat(e," is not a valid selector")),k),null):(q.error("VideoUtils","getPlacementElement",Error("".concat(d," is not a valid selector")), f),null)};a.prototype._getEmbeddedPlayerType=function(b){(b=b.getAttribute("data-player-type"))&&"default"!==b||(b=this._videoConfig.contextualSettings?this._videoConfig.contextualSettings.defaultPlayerType:"static");this._stickyRelatedOnPage&&(b="static");return b};a.prototype._getUnusedMediaId=function(b){return(b=b.getAttribute("data-video-id"))&&!this._contextualMediaIds.includes(b)?(this._contextualMediaIds.push(b),b):!1};a.prototype._createRelatedPlayer=function(b,d,e){"collapse"===d?this._createCollapsePlayer(b, e):"static"===d&&this._createStaticPlayer(b,e)};a.prototype._createCollapsePlayer=function(b,d){var 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