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Keyboard combinations, also known as keyboard shortcuts, involve using two or more keys to execute programs in an operating system. These keys are either pressed together or one after another.
If you are not new to computers, you are probably familiar with keyboard combinations such as Ctrl+C or Ctrl+V. However, there are so many more keyboard combinations that you can use to perform operations on your computer. If you are familiar with each of these combinations, then you may never need to use your mouse.
No sooner will you read on to refresh your memory on familiar keyboard combinations, then you will learn new ones that you can use to increase productivity on your Windows computer.
3 Benefits of Using Keyboard Combinations
Increased Efficiency
Certainly using keyboard shortcuts makes you more efficient than when using a mouse. For instance, when you select an entire document, you will need to left-click and drag through the document using a mouse. However, with the keyboard shortcut, you only use Ctrl+A. This saves you a lot of time.
Reduce Chances of Health Issues
Constantly alternating between a mouse and a keyboard increases the chances of R.S.I (Repetitive Syndrome Injury). With keyboard shortcuts, you reduce how often you use the mouse, minimizing risks of R.S.I. Moreover, you minimize fatigue on your fingers and wrist.
Precision
It is easier to be precise when using keyboard shortcuts than when using a mouse. Say you want to select a sentence or a word in a paragraph. You can use Ctrl + arrow keys to select what you need accurately.
Keyboard Combinations
Presently the amount of time you save using keyboard combinations instead of a mouse can seem insignificant. However, add up the few seconds over weeks and months, and you will realize that you need these shortcuts. Here are the keyboard combinations that you should strive to memorize:
#1. General Keyboard Combinations
General keyboard combinations are the common shortcuts you have most likely used in your typing. These combinations are universal, meaning you can use them in various programs to perform similar functions. For instance, the combination Ctrl+C is used to copy across all computer programs.
Below are the general keyboard combinations and the functions they execute:
Combinations That Use Alt

The alt key, which is short for alternate, is found at the bottom row of a keyboard. It is used with other two or three keys to perform a function. These combinations include:
Keyboard combination | Action |
---|---|
Alt+F4 | Close or exit active app |
Alt+Esc | Switch between different windows in the order they were opened |
Alt+Enter | Show properties of a selected item |
Alt+Space bar | Open the menu of an active window |
Alt+Left arrow | Go back |
Alt+right arrow | Go forward |
Alt+Page up | Move up one screen |
Alt+Page down | Move down one screen |
Alt+Tab | Go to the next open app |
Alt+E | Open edit menu |
Alt+V | Open view menu |
Alt+F | Open file menu |
Whenever working on Microsoft Word, pressing the alt key alone highlights all menus in the application using numbers and letters. You can press the letter or number of the menu you want to open.

Combinations That Use CTRL
The control key is found at the bottom left and right portion of the keyboard. Here are the keyboard shortcuts that use control.

Keyboard combination | Action |
---|---|
Ctrl + 0 | Get back the default zoom |
Ctrl + A | Select all text |
Ctrl + C | Copy a selected item |
Ctrl + D or Ctrl + Delete | Delete a selected item |
Ctrl + R | Refresh an active window |
Ctrl + V | Paste a selected item |
Ctrl + X | Cut a selected item |
Ctrl+ R | Redo an action |
Ctrl + Z | Undo an action |
Ctrl+ P | |
Ctrl + + | Zoom in |
Ctrl + – | Zoom out |
Ctrl + Right Arrow | Move cursor to the beginning of the next word |
Ctrl + Left Arrow | Move cursor to the beginning of the last word |
Ctrl + Up Arrow | Move cursor to the beginning of the previous paragraph |
Ctrl + Down Arrow | Move cursor to the beginning of the next paragraph |
Ctrl + Alt +Tab | Switch between open tabs |
Ctrl + Arrow+ Spacebar | Select multiple individual items |
Ctrl + Shift + Arrow | Select a paragraph of text |
Ctrl + Esc | Open the start menu |
Ctrl + Shift | Switch the keyboard layout when various layouts are open |
Ctrl + spacebar | Turn the Chinese input editor on or off |
Shift Key Combinations
The shift key is often found above the control key. At times, the shift key is shown using an arrow facing upwards. In most keyboards, there are two shift keys. Keyboard combinations that use this key include:

Keyboard combination | Action |
---|---|
Shift + Delete | Delete file without sending it to recycle bin |
Shift + Tab | Move back to the previous object |
Shift + Arrow | Select text |
Ctrl + Shift + Esc | Open task manager |
Press Shift key 5 times | Activate sticky keys |
Press left Shift + Alt + Num lock | Opens mouse keys |
Left Shift + Alt + Print Screen | Open high contrast |
Windows Key Combinations
The Windows key is found between the left alt and control keys and has a Windows logo. If you press it, you open the start menu. If you press it together with other keys, then it triggers a shortcut. Here are the shortcuts you can perform using the Windows key.
We shall use Win to mean Windows key.
Keyboard combination | Action |
---|---|
Win + F1 | Open Windows help and support |
Win + B | Open the notification area |
Win + C | Open Cortana |
Win + D | Show or hide the desktop |
Win + E | Open file explorer |
Win + F | Open search or search for a folder |
Win + H | Open voice typing menu |
Win + I | Open setting menu |
Win + K | Open the connect sidebar |
Win + L | Lock the computer |
Win + M | Minimize all windows |
Win + O | Lock the screen orientation |
Win + P | Choose display mode |
Win + Q | Open the search bar |
Win + R | Open run dialogue box |
Win + S | Open the search bar |
Win + T | View apps at the taskbar |
Win + U | Open ease of access center |
Win + V | Open clipboard history |
Win + W | Open start menu |
Win + X | Open quick link menu |
Win + Z | Show commands available in an app |
Win + , | Temporarily view the desktop |
Win + Pause | Show the system properties |
Win + Ctrl+ F | Find computers on a network |
Win + Shift + M | Restore minimized windows |
Win+ number 1-9 | Open or switch to the app pinned to the taskbar number you pressed |
Win + Shift + number 1-9 | Open the last active window of the app in the position of the number you pressed |
Win + Alt + number 1-9 | Open the jump list of the app pinned to the taskbar position of the number you clicked |
Win + Ctrl+ Shift + number 1-9 | Open a new instance of the app loathed at a given position on the taskbar as administrator |
Win + Tab | Switch between open tabs |
Win + Ctrl + B | Open the app that displayed a message in the notification area |
Win + Up Arrow | Maximize the window |
Win + Down Arrow | Minimize current window |
Window + Left Arrow | Maximize the app to the left side of the screen |
Win + Right Arrow | Maximize the app to the right side of the screen |
Win + Home | Minimize or restore all active desktop windows |
Win + Shift + Up Arrow | Stretch the desktop to the top and bottom of the screen |
Win + shift + Down Arrow | Minimize or restore active desktop windows vertically |
Win + Shift + Left Arrow or Right Arrow | Move an app from one monitor to another |
Win + Space Bar | Switch input language and keyboard layout |
Win + Enter | Open narrator |
Win + Period (.) | Open emoji keyboard |
Win + + or – | Zoom in or out |
#2. Browser Keyboard Combinations
These are keyboard shortcuts that you can use in browsers such as Chrome. They include:
Keyboard shortcut | Action |
---|---|
Ctrl + number 1-8 | Switch to the number of the number you entered |
Ctrl + 9 | Switch to the last tab |
Ctrl + Tab | Switch to the next tab |
Ctrl + Shift + Tab | Switch to the previous tab |
Ctrl + F4 or Ctrl + W | Close the tab |
Ctrl + Shift + T | Reopen a previously closed tab |
Ctrl + T | Open a new tab |
Alt + F4 | Close the current window |
Ctrl + D | Add bookmark for current page |
Ctrl + E | Select the search bar |
Ctrl + R | Refresh or reload a web page |
Ctrl + N | Open a new window |
Ctrl + + or – | Zoom in or zoom out |
Ctrl + shift + N | Open a new tab in the incognito mode |
#3. Text Editing and Formatting Keyboard Combination
These are shortcuts that you use when editing or formatting texts. They apply to text editing and formatting programs like Microsoft Word or Google Docs.
Keyboard combination | Action |
---|---|
Ctrl + delete | Delete text to the right of the cursor |
Ctrl + Home | Go to the beginning of the document |
Ctrl + End | Go to the end of a document |
Ctrl + left arrow | Go to the beginning of the previous word |
Ctrl + right arrow | Go to the beginning of the next word |
Ctrl + up arrow | Go to the previous paragraph |
Ctrl + down arrow | Go to the next paragraph |
Ctrl + F | Find |
Ctrl + H | Find and replace |
Ctrl + B | Bold |
Ctrl + I | Italicize |
Ctrl + U | Underline |
Ctrl + Shift + A | Write in upper or lower case |
Ctrl + = | subscript |
Ctrl + shift + = | Superscript |
Ctrl + shift + > | Make selected text larger |
Ctrl + shift + < | Make selected text smaller |
Ctrl + shift + L | Add bullets to selected text |
Ctrl + enter | Insert line break |
Shortcut Keys for Special Characters
Special characters are characters that are not alphabetic or numeric. To insert these characters, first, you press and hold Alt while inserting the special code, and then it will automatically insert where the cursor is. Unfortunately, this action requires you to use the numeral keys and not the other keyboard keys.
The keyboard combination used for these special characters are:
Keyboard combination | Special character |
---|---|
Alt + 0224 | à |
Alt + 0232 | è |
Alt +0236 | ì |
Alt + 0242 | ò |
Alt + 0241 | ñ |
Alt +0228 | ä |
Alt +0246 | ö |
Alt + 0252 | ü |
Alt + 0248 | ø |
Alt + 0223 | ß |
Alt + 0198 | Æ |
Alt +0191 | ¿ |
Alt + 0231 | ç |
Alt + 0176 | ° (degree symbol) |
Alt +0177 | ± |
Alt + 0153 | ™ |
Alt + 0169 | © |
Alt + 0174 | ® |
Alt + 0128 | € |
Alt + 0162 | ¢ |
Alt + 0163 | £ |
Alt + 0165 | ¥ |
How to Create Shortcuts
You can spare time opening apps, especially those you regularly use, by creating keyboard shortcuts for them. These shortcuts are called custom shortcuts.
Here is how you create the shortcut:
Step 1: First, open the command prompt
Type command prompt on the search bar to get the command prompt. Then right-click on the app and select run as administrator.

Step 2: Type explorer shell:AppsFolder on the command prompt
You can copy-paste the command as it is written here. This opens a list of all your apps.


Step 3: Right-click on the app that you want to create a shortcut and select create a shortcut
You can change the view-setting to “detailed list” so it is easier to see all apps.

Step 4: Click yes on the icon that prompts

Step 5: Next, right click on the new icon that is on the desktop and select properties
Properties usually appears toward the bottom of the list.

Step 6: Enter a key combination
On the shortcut key field, enter any letter that you would like to use for this shortcut. This automatically adds Ctrl+Alt in front of the key you selected.

Step 7: Finally, click ok to save the shortcut
Conclusion
Although they say a shortcut is often a long cut, this doesn’t apply to keyboard shortcuts. These combinations are heaven-sent to make typing faster and more efficient. Strive to memorize as many shortcuts as possible, create more custom shortcuts for the apps you may often use, and enjoy a better keyboard experience.